Giáo trình môn Tiếng Anh cơ bản

ngth 2 weak. Advise try channel 24. Over.
Coastguard: Milamar, Milamar. This is Cape Town Coastguard. Change to channel 24. Repeat. Change to channel 24. Over.
Radio Officer: Coastguard, Coastguard. This is Milamar on channel 24. I am ready to receive your message. Over.
Coastguard: Milamar, Milamar. This is Cape Town Coastguard. There is a severe localized storm with wave height of 40 feet 25 miles Southwest of your present position. Expected to close in the next 2 hours. Advise course three two zero. Repeat. Advise course three two zero to avoid height seas. Over. 
Radio Officer: Coastguard, Coastguard. This is Milamar. Say again. Say again. Over.
Coastguard: Milamar, Milamar. This is Cape Town Coastguard. Wave height of 40 feet closing from Southwest. Expect arrival your position 2 hours. Advise course three two zero. Repeat. Three two zero. Over.
Radio Officer: Coastguard, Coastguard. This is Milamar. I cannot read you. Repeat. I cannot read you. Over.
Coastguard: Milamar25 Southwest..2 hours..40. three two zero.. three two zero
Radio Officer: Coastguard, Coastguard. Message received. Thank you. Out.
7.2 Grammar: Imperatives
- Give orders, warnings or instructions to somebody.
- Often use in informal situation.
7.2.1 Positive:
- V1! 	Go! Smile!
- V1 + Preposition! 	Go up! Go down! 
- V1 + Object! 	Open the door! Take your seat! Let him out! Say hello!
- V1 + Adjective / Adverb! 	Be quiet! Run fast!
7.2.2 Negative:
- Don’t + V1! 	Don’t waste money! 
Don’t jump up and down like that!
	Don’t go near the river-bank! 
7.3 Vocabulary
7.3.1 Pronunciation
	Nouns:
Advent	[ˈỉdvənt]	sự đến, sự trơng đợi 	
Aeroplane	[ˈeərəpleɪn]	máy bay
Aircraft	[ˈeəkrɑːft]	máy bay
Alert	[əˈlɜːt]	sự báo động, cảnh giác
Army	[ˈɑːmi]	quân đội
Authority	[ɔːˈθɒrəti]	chính quyền
Battle 	[ˈbỉtl]	trận đánh
Broadcasting	[ˈbrɔːdkɑːstɪŋ]	việc phát thanh hay phát hình
Comedies	[ˈkɒmədiz]	hài kịch
Detection	[dɪˈtekʃn]	phát hiện
Development	[dɪˈveləpmənt]	sự phát triển
Drama	[ˈdrɑːmə]	vở kịch
Emergency	[iˈmɜːdʒənsi]	tình trạng khẩn cấp
Entertainment	[ˌentəˈteɪnmənt]	giải trí
Equipment	[ɪˈkwɪpmənt]	thiết bị
Era	[ˈɪərə]	thời kỳ, kỷ nguyên
Event	[ɪˈvent]	sự kiện
Field	[fiːld]	cánh đồng, lĩnh vực
Global Maritime Distress 	[ˈɡləʊblˈm„rɪtaɪm dɪˈstres]
Golden Age	[ˈɡəʊldən eɪdʒ]	thời hồng kim
Land	[lỉnd]	đất
Marine telegraphy 	[məˈriːn-tiˈleɡrəfi]	điện báo hàng hải	
Method	[ˈmeθəd]	phươnng pháp
Morse code	[ˌmɔːs ˈkəʊd]	hệ thống chữ Moĩc
Navy	[ˈneɪvi]	hải quân
Operator	[ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)]	người điều khiển
Presentation	[ˌpreznˈteɪʃn]	trình bày, trình diễn
Russian fleet 	[ˈrʌʃn fliːt]	hạm đội Nga
Safety System 	[ˈseɪfti ˈsɪstəm]	hệ thống an tồn
Satellite	[ˈs„təlaɪt]	vệ tinh
Scouting	[ˈskaʊtɪŋ]	hoạt động hướng đạo
Shore stations 	[ʃɔː(r) ˈsteɪʃnz]	trạm bờ biển
Sinking	[sɪŋkɪŋ]	chìm
Technology	[tekˈnɒlədʒi]	cơng nghệ
Tool	[tuːl]	dụng cụ
Vicinity	[vəˈsɪnəti]	vùng phụ cận
World War	[wɜːld wɔː(r)]	thế chiến
	Adjectives:
Commercial	[kəˈmɜːʃl]	thương mại
Dramatic	[drəˈmỉtɪk]	đầy kịch tính
Earliest	[ˈɜːliɪst]	sớm nhất
External	[ɪkˈstɜːnl]	bên ngồi
Immediate	[ɪˈmiːdiət]	ngay, liền
International	[ˌɪntəˈnỉʃnəl]	quốc tế
Maritime	[ˈmỉrɪtaɪm]	hàng hải
Most memorable 	[məʊstˈmemərəbl]	đáng nhớ nhất
Point-to-point 	[pɔɪnt tə pɔɪnt] 	việc nối trực tiếp linh kiện với nhau 
 bằng các chân của chúng hoặc thơng qua các trạm hàn
Pre-war 	[priː wɔː(r)]	trước chiến tranh
Principal	[ˈprɪnsəpl]	chính, chủ yếu
Rapid	[ˈrỉpɪd]	nhanh
Ship-board 	[ʃɪp bɔːd]	trên tàu
Shore-based 	[ʃɔː(r) beɪst]	căn cứ ở bờ biển
Telegraphic 	[ˌtelɪˈɡrỉfɪk]	điện tín, điện báo
Terrestrial	[təˈrestriəl]	trên mặt đất, trên cạn	
Unique	[juˈniːk]	độc nhất
Widespread	[ˈwaɪdspred]	lan rộng
Wireless	[ˈwaɪələs]	vơ tuyến, khơng dây
	Verbs:
Ensure	[ɪnˈʃʊə(r)]	bảo đảm
Improve	[ɪmˈpruːv]	cải tiến
List	[lɪst]	lập danh sách
Localize	[‘ləʊkəlaiz]	xác định vị trí, định vị
Pass	[pɑːs]	vượt qua, đi ngang qua
Provide	[prəˈvaɪd]	cung cấp
Relay	[ˈriːleɪ]	làm theo ca kíp / đặt rơ-le
Rescue	[ˈreskjuː]	cứu nguy, giải thốt
Take	[teɪk]	cầm, nắm, lấy
	Adverbs:
Nearby	[ˌnɪəˈbaɪ]	ở vị trí gần, khơng xa
	Prepositions:
Among	[əˈmʌŋ]	trong số
During	[ˈdjʊərɪŋ]	trong khi
In addition	[ɪnəˈdɪʃn]	ngồi ra
Including	[ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ]	bao gồm
7.3.2 The text
USES OF RADIO
Early uses were maritime, for sending telegraphic messages using Morse code between ships and land. The earliest users included the Japanese Navy scouting the Russian fleet during the Battle of Tsushima in 1905. One of the most memorable uses of marine telegraphy was during the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912, including communications between operators on the sinking ship and nearby vessels, and communications to shore stations listing the survivors.
 Radio was used to pass on orders and communications between armies and navies on both sides in World War I; Besides broadcasting, point-to-point broadcasting, including telephone messages and relays of radio programs, became widespread in the 1920s and 1930s. Another use of radio in the pre-war years was the development of detection and locating of aircraft and ships by the use of radar (RAdio Detection And Ranging).
Today, radio takes many forms, including wireless networks and mobile communications of all types, as well as radio broadcasting. Before the advent of television, commercial radio broadcasts included not only news and music, but dramas, comedies, variety shows, and many other forms of entertainment (the era from 1930 to the mid-1950s is commonly called radio's "Golden Age"). Radio was unique among methods of dramatic presentation in that it used only sound. 
The radio communication equipment is the principal tool in the field of communication between a vessel and such external world as the shore, other ships and aeroplanes. The marine radio communication system now is Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), a new international one using improved terrestrial and satellite technology and ship-board radio systems. It ensures rapid alerting of shore-based rescue and communications authorities in the event of an emergency. In addition, the system alerts vessels in the immediate vicinity and provides improved means of locating survivors.
7.4 Exercises
7.4.1 Answer questions
1. What purposes did people use radio at the beginning?
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Who were the earliest users of radio?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. When was the RMS Titanic sunk?
_______________________________________________________________________
4. How many directions were communicated by radio in the war?
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Did the radio become widespread in 1912?
_______________________________________________________________________
6. What was used in the pre-war years to detect and locate aircraft and ships?
_______________________________________________________________________
7. Do the radios have the unique form?
_______________________________________________________________________
8. How long did the Golden Age of radio last?
_______________________________________________________________________
9. Do the maritime favor to use radio for communicating nowadays?
_______________________________________________________________________
10. Write in two columns the radio communication directions in the past and now. Do they change or unchanged? 
IN THE PAST
NOW
NOTE
7.4.2 Study more about the Object Pronouns (Object/O) in the chart, then change the real Objects in the sentences into general forms:
S.P
(Subject Pronouns)
P.A
(Possessive Adjectives)
O.P
(Object Pronouns)
I
My
Me
You
Your
You
He
She
It
His
Her
Its
Him
Her
It
We
Our
Us
They
Their 
Them 
1. I need two lifeboats. Lower !
	2. The radio is on. Turn off!
	3. The earphones are on the floor. Pick up!
	4. The helm is little bit a port. Meet !
	5. The ship is altering to starboard. Keep  away before the sea!
	6. Don’t hold life jackets in your hands! Put  on!
	7. It is the Bosun’s duty. Let  steer!
	8. Give some hoses to I and George. Give to!
	9. Give wrenches to Carpenter and Greaser! Give to!
	10. Do you like some water? I’ll give to. ..
7.4.3 Fill the given words (word groups) in the blanks:
a. starboard	b. Over	c. change	d. at your stern
e. loud and clear	f. 15	g. Do you read me	h. 0.6 miles
i. my bow	j. miles
TALKING ON VHF RADIO TO ANOTHER SHIP
O.P	To the ship on my ___(1)___ bow, course 215, speed ___(2)___ knots. This is container ship Ocean Princess, eight miles away, 045 degrees off your port side, course 300. ___(3)___?
3rdOff (On the VHF) Ocean Princess, Ocean Princess, this is VLBC Niitaka Maru, Niitaka Maru. I read you ___(4)___. Please ___(5)___ to Channel 06.
 O.P 	Channel 06, roger. (Changing the channel) Niitaka Maru, this is Ocean Princess. ___(6)___.
3rdOff Ocean Princess. This is Niitaka Maru. I read you loud and clear.
O.P 	According to the ARPA reading, the CPA is 0.5 ___(7)___. I think I can pass you safely on my present course. May I pass you at your bow? Over.
3rdOff You may not pass at my bow. I repeat. You may not pass at ___(8)___. Part at my stern. According to our ARPA, the CPA is 0.4 to ___(9)___. It is too short. Please follow the traffic rules.
O.P 	Roger. I will pass ___(10)___. I will change my course to starboard now.
3rdOff Thank you. I will maintain my course and speed. Back to channel 16.
O.P 	Roger. Back to channel 16.
Note: 	3rdOff: the Third Officer	
O.P: Ocean Princess	
VLBC: Very Large Bulk Carrier
7.4.4 Listen to the conservation: ‘Talking on VHF radio to another ship’ and check your answers.
7.5 Consolidation:
7.5.1 Extra reading
HISTORY OF RADIO
Radio is the transmission of signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space. Information is carried by systematically changing (modulating) some property of the radiated waves, such as amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width. When radio waves pass an electrical conductor, the oscillating fields induce an alternating current in the conductor. This can be detected and transformed into sound or other signals that carry information.
 Radios de Rosario 
Development from a laboratory demonstration to a commercial entity spanned several decades and required the efforts of many practitioners. In 1878, David E. Hughes noticed that sparks could be heard in a telephone receiver when experimenting with his carbon microphone. He developed this carbon-based detector further and eventually could detect signals over a few hundred yards. He demonstrated his discovery to the Royal Society in 1880, but was told it was merely induction, and therefore abandoned further research.
Experiments, later patented, were undertaken by Thomas Edison and his employees of Menlo Park. Edison applied in 1885 to the U.S. Patent Office for his patent on an electrostatic coupling system between elevated terminals. The patent was granted as U.S. Patent 465,971 on December 29, 1891. The Marconi Company would later purchase rights to the Edison patent to protect them legally from lawsuits. 
Tesla demonstrated wireless transmissions during his high frequency and potential lecture of 1891. After continuing research, Tesla presented the fundamentals of radio in 1893.
In 1893, in St. Louis, Missouri, Nikola Tesla made devices for his experiments with electricity. Addressing the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia and the National Electric Light Association, he described and demonstrated the principles of his wireless work. The descriptions contained all the elements that were later incorporated into radio systems before the development of the vacuum tube. He initially experimented with magnetic receivers, unlike the coherers (detecting devices consisting of tubes filled with iron filings which had been invented by Temistocle Calzecchi-Onesti at Fermo in Italy in 1884) used by Guglielmo Marconi and other early experimenters. 
A demonstration of wireless telegraphy took place in the lecture theater of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History on August 14, 1894, carried out by Professor Oliver Lodge and Alexander Muirhead. During the demonstration a radio signal was sent from the neighboring Clarendon laboratory building, and received by apparatus in the lecture theater.
 Vintage Radios
In 1895 Alexander Stepanovich Popov built his first radio receiver, which contained a coherer. Further refined as a lightning detector, it was presented to the Russian Physical and Chemical Society on May 7, 1895. A depiction of Popov's lightning detector was printed in the Journal of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society the same year. Popov's receiver was created on the improved basis of Lodge's receiver, and originally intended for reproduction of its experiments.
7.5.2 Find out and write down the phonetics and meanings of the words in the text:
Vocabulary
Pronunciation
Meaning
Alternating current 
Apparatus
Coherer
Detected
Electrical conductor
Electromagnetic
Electromagnetic waves
Elements
Frequency
Fundamentals
Incorporate
Induce
Lecture 
Modulation
Neighboring
Oscillating
Phase
Potential
Property
Pulse
Radiation
Signal
Systematically
Transmission
Vacuum
5.2.3 Make questions and answer about the content of the text above (at least 5 pairs of conversation)
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX 1
THE ENGLISH ALPHABET
A	a	N	n 
B	b	O	o
C	c	P	p
D	d	Q	q
E	e	R	r
F	f	S	s
G	g	T	t
H	h	U	u
I	i	V	v
J	j	W	w
K	k	X	x
L	l	Y	y
M	m	Z	z
Vowels = a, e, i, o, u
Consonants = b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z.
____________
* The letter “z” is pronounced “zee” in American English and “zed” in British English.
APPENDIX 2 
 NUMBERS
one	1st 	first
two	2nd	second
three	3rd	third
four	4th	fourth
five	5th	fifth
six	6th	sixth
seven	7th	seventh
eight	8th	eighth
nine	9th	ninth	
ten	10th	tenth
eleven	11th	eleventh
twelve	12th	twelfth
thirteen	13th	thirteenth
fourteen	14th	fourteenth
fifteen	15th	fifteenth
sixteen	16th	sixteenth
seventeen	17th	seventeenth
eighteen	18th	eighteenth
nineteen	19th	nineteenth
twenty	20th	twentieth	
twenty one	21st	twenty first
twenty two	22nd	twenty second
twenty three	23rd	twenty third
twenty four	24th	twenty fourth
twenty five	25th	twenty fifth
twenty six	26th	twenty sixth
twenty seven	27th	twenty seventh
twenty eight	28th	twenty eighth
twenty nine	29th	twenty ninth
thirty	30th	thirtieth
forty	40th	fortieth
fifty	50th	fiftieth
sixty	60th	sixtieth
seventy	70th	seventieth
eighty	80th	eightieth
ninety	90th	ninetieth
one hundred	100th one hundredth
 APPENDIX 3 DAYS OF THE WEEK
 AND MONTHS OF THE YEAR
DAYS
MONTHS
Monday 	(Mon.)
1. January	(Jan.)
8. August	(Aug.)
Tuesday 	(Tues.)
2. February	(Feb.)	 
9. September	(Sept.)
Wednesday	(Wed.)
3. March	(Mar.)
10. October	(Oct.)
Thursday	(Thurs.)
4. April	(Apr.)	
11. November	(Nov.)
Friday	(Fri.)
5. May	(May)
12. December	(Dec.)
Saturday	(Sat.)	
6. June	(June)
Sunday	(Sun.)
7. July	(July)
USING NUMBERS TO WRITE THE DATE: Month / day / year
IN NUMBER
FULL WRITING
10 / 31 / 41
October 31 (st), 1941
2 / 9 / 45
September 2 (nd), 1945
4 / 15 / 92
April 15 (th), 1992
5 / 7 / 2000
July 5 (th), 2000
24 /12 / 2005
December 24 (th), 2005
SAYING DATES:
USUAL WRITTEN FORM
USUAL SPOKEN FORM
January 1 (st)	
January (the) first / the first of January	
March 2 (nd)	
March (the) second / the second of March
May 3 (rd)	
May (the) third / the third of May
June 4 (th)	
June (the) fourth / the fourth of June
August 5 (th)	
August (the) fifth / the fifth of August
October 10 (th)	
October (the) tenth / the tenth of October
November 27 (th)	
November (the) twenty-seventh / the twenty seventh of November
 APPENDIX 4 
 WAYS OF SAYING THE TIME
WRITING
READING
9:00
It’s nine o’clock.
It’s nine.
9:05
It’s nine-oh-five
It’s five (minutes) after nine
It’s five (minutes) past nine
9:10
It’s nine ten.
It’s ten (minutes) after nine.
It’s five (minutes) past nine.
9:15
It’s nine fifteen.
It’s a quarter after nine.
It’s a quarter past nine.
9:30
It’s nine-thirty
It’s half past nine.
9:45
It’s nine forty-five.
It’s a quarter to ten.
It’s a quarter of ten.
9:50
It’s nine-fifty
It’s ten (minutes) to ten.
It’s ten (minutes) of ten.
12:00
It’s noon.
It’s midnight.
	A.M (ante meridiem) = morning	It’s nine A.M.
	P.M (post meridiem) = afternoon/evening/night	It’s nine P.M
APPENDIX 5 
IRREGULAR VERBS
V1
V2 / VED
V3 / VED
V1
V2 / VED
V3 / VED
be
become
begin
bend
bite
blow
break
bring
build
buy
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
drink
drive
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
fly
forget
get
give
go
grow
hang
have
hear
hide
hit
hold
hurt
was, were
became
began
bent
bit
blew
broke
brought
built
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
flew
forgot
got
gave
went
grew
hung / hanged
had
heard
hid
hit
held
hurt
been
become
begun
bent
bitten
blown
broken
brought
built
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forgotten
gotten/got
given
gone
grown
hung / hanged
had
heard
hidden
hit
held
hurt
keep
know
lend
leave
lose
make
meet
pay
put
read
ride
ring
run
say
see
sell
send
shake
shut
sing
sit
sleep
speak
spend
stand
steal
swim
take
teach
tear
tell
think
throw
understand
wake 
wear
win
write
kept
knew
lent
left
lost
made
met
paid
put
read
rode
rang
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shook
shut
sang
sat
slept
spoke
spent
stood
stole
swam
took
taught
tore
told
thought
threw
understood
woke / waked 
wore
won
wrote
kept
known
lent
left
lost
made
met
paid
put
read
ridden
rung
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shaken
shut
sung
sat
slept
spoken
spent
stood
stolen
swum
taken
taught
torn
told
thought
thrown
understood
woke / woken / waked
worn
won
written
REFERENCE BOOKS
7th edition, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Ditionary, Nxb Oxford.
All Japan Seamen’s Union, 2000, Welcome On Board, Minos Agency.
Allister Nisbet, Anna Whitcher, Catherine Logie, 1997, English for Seafarers – Study Pack 1, Nxb Marlins.
Betty Schrampfer Azar, 1996, Basic English Grammar, Nxb Longman.
Cơng ty AST, ISM Code, 2009.
ĐHHH, 2002, A course of English for seafarer, tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ.
Đỗ Thái Bình (chủ biên), 2006, Tiếng Anh kỹ thuật đĩng tàu, Nxb Giao thơng vận tải.
Ikuo Koike, Emeritus Kiyoaki Nakao, Kingo Hanamoto, 1998, Communicative English learning system, Eikyo.
IMO, 1985, Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary, London.
Lynda Snowdown, 2005, Ships and Boats, Nxb Mỹ Thuật.
Lynda Snowdown, 2005, The Sea, Nxb Mỹ Thuật.
12. Marlin Dockray, 1998, Cases and Materials, Cavendish publishing limited.
13. Maritime communication, 1998, Standard English vocabulary for GMDSS courses, Hà Nội.
14. Nguyễn Văn Phịng, Vũ Phi Hồng, 1995, Từ điển Hàng Hải Anh Việt, Nxb Giao thơng vận tải.
15. Tom Hutchinson, 1999, Lifelines – Elementary, Nxb Oxford University.
16. Viện Ngơn ngữ học, 2004, Từ điển Anh - Việt, Nxb Thế Giới.
17. W. A. McEwen and A. H. Lewis, 1994, Encyclopedia of Nautical knowledge, Cornell Maritime Press.
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